四元数矩阵的中心化子

推广了数域上的矩阵中心化子理论,得到了实四元数体矩阵上的中心化子理论。     

Screening for zinc efficiency among wheat relatives and their utilisation for alien gene transfer

Genetic diversity for micronutrient efficiency among the most highly adapted and advanced hexaploid and tetraploid wheat cultivars in the world is limited compared with alien species of wheat or rye. Therefore, screening for zinc efficiency was conducted in greenhouse experiments under controlled conditions, and in field trials. Different varieties of hexaploid wheat, hexaploid oats and diploid rye, together with hexaploid and octoploid triticales, wheat-Agropyron, wheat-Aegilops and several wheat-alien chromosome addition series were studied. Considerable differences in zinc efficiency were found between wheat and its relatives. Individual chromosomes of Secale, Agropyron and Haynaldia were found to carry major genes for this character. The transfer of alien chromosome segments was effective, demonstrated using several wheat-rye translocation lines. Alien genetic information was clearly expressed in the wheat genetic background. Further experimental introgressions by chromosome manipulation and marker-aided selection may efficiently contribute to wheat improvement in marginal soils. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Analysis and comparison on population dynamics betweenAdenophora lobophylla andAdenophora potaninii by leslie matrix

The population dynamic tendency ofAdenophora lobophylla Hong as an endangered species andAdenophora potaninii Korsh as widespread species, has been predicted by the Leslie matrix. And the comparison and analysis on the age structures between two species have been carried out in this paper. The results demonstrate theA. lobophylla populations which have the reasonable age structures perform slowly negative or positive increment at altitude 2300–3400 m. Especially. below altitude 2700 m. there are many populations performing seriously declining tendency. Contrary.A potaninii populations could adapt to environment perfectly at the corresponding condition without finding the population which performs the seriously declining tendency. The differences in developing tendency of population between the two species demonstrate thatA. lobophylla populations have the weaker ability to adapt to the external unfavorable conditions. The project was supported by Chinese Natural Science Foundation. (No. 3939150) The experiment carried out at the Botanical Department of University Federal Sao Carols in Brazil (Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong)     

思茅松林分演变过程周期性的研究

优良木（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级木）的成长和分化,被压木（Ⅳ、Ⅴ级木）的衰退和死亡,是思茅松林分演变过程中相互联系的两方面。林分平均直径的变化与“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”有关系。由“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”刻划的“立木度／蓄积度”序列,与由“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”刻划的“株数递减率／蓄积量递增率”序列的相互关联关系,反映出林分结构状态的演变。在８、１６、３２这几个临界时刻,“立木度／蓄积度”的数值都趋近１０,这是思茅松林分演变的３个周期,对应着周期性的转移概率序列。用在判断林分生长、预测林分演变过程、确定林分间伐强度等方面都有使用价值。     

Lattice Drift Technic of the Single Integral of Matrix Function and its Applications

We have set up the lattice drift technic of the single integral of matrix function and expounded in detail its special mathematical meaning; and appied this technic in the lattice calculation of the general rotation operator matrix for the quantum system in discrete bases, and using the results obtained, we calculate the evolution ratio of the probabitity distribution for the two-dimensional superposition states under the action of a general rotation operator.     

基于轻量级神经网络MobileNetV3–large的黄茶闷黄程度判别

以碧香早品种为材料,通过相机采集不同闷黄时长下的闷黄叶图像共675张,建立了3种闷黄程度的黄茶样本数据集,采用位置变换、随机亮度、增加对比度、添加噪声、随机缩放操作对闷黄叶图像集进行数据增强,运用迁移学习方法,在ImageNet数据集取得MobileNetV3–Large的预训练模型,对迁移网络的所有权重信息进行训练,最终建立了针对黄茶闷黄程度的轻量级卷积神经网络MobileNetV3–Large识别模型,并利用Grad–CAM热力图可视化和置信分数监控黄茶品质的变化。结果表明：经训练后的MobileNetV3–Large模型测试的识别准确率达到98.51%,精确率为99.10%,召回率为98.93%,加权分数为98.20%;MobileNetV3–Large模型的识别准确率高于传统机器学习模型SVM、XGBoost和KNN;通过Grad–CAM热力图可视化显示,MobileNetV3–Large模型在不同的识别场景下能够准确定位并提取闷黄叶特征,准确地识别闷黄程度。可见,MobileNetV3–Large模型有较好的泛化性,可以快速、无损地识别黄茶的闷黄程度。     

饱和土壤冻融过程中水热迁移数值模拟

利用土壤冻融过程的水热传输方程,模拟了饱和土壤冻融的年变化过程,分析了土壤冻结深度的年变化规律和水分向冻结界面迁移的特征。同时亦对影响土壤冻结深度的温度因子做了探讨。     

真空多层绝热式啤酒贮罐保温性能的分析计算

真空多层绝热式生啤酒贮罐是一种无需任何制冷装置、结构简单的销售贮酒罐。通过对该结构传热过程的分析和合理假设,将复杂的非稳定传热计算按稳定传热处理。计算结果表明,温度为４℃的啤酒,在环境温度为３７℃的条件下贮存７ｄ,酒温升高不到３℃,该结构型式的贮罐绝热保温效果显著。文中还对影响贮罐绝热保温性能的主要因素,夹套内真空度、绝热层的材质、层数、厚度、热桥材料的选用等进行了分析。     

纸浆模塑餐盒防油防水性能研究

对纸浆模塑快餐盒防油防水剂的选择及作用机理进行了阐述,并就防油防水剂的使用对产品质量的影响进行了研究分析,揭示了它们之间的相互关系。文章推荐了优化的工艺条件,ＡＫＤ用量０．２５％～０．４％,Ｆ３２１,１．５％～２５％,助留剂０．０１５％～０．０２％。     

基因沉默及其克服策略

基因沉默现象是导致转基因不能正常表达的主要原因,基因沉默发生在两种水平上,一种是由于DNA甲基化、异染色质化以及位置效应等引起的转录水平上的基因沉默,另一种是转录后基因沉默,有活跃的启动子,能转录外源基因,核内有正常水平的mRNA,细胞质不积累mRNA。消除甲基化的影响﹑避免使用同源和重复序列和使用核基质结合序列可有效克服基因沉默。